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Why Your Brain Needs Sleep

你的大脑为什么需要睡觉
词数 342 生词 16 个 核心词 11 个 适合 初二至初三

单词表背了十七遍,凌晨一点才睡,第二天考试全忘了。大脑在你睡觉时到底在忙什么?perform、memory、experiment、affect 这几个词完形和阅读里经常冒出来。

怎么用这一篇
1先整篇读一遍,一个词都别查。读不懂的地方跳过去,只求知道大概在讲什么。
2第二遍点开带下划线的生词,读完释义再回到句子里,看它在这句话里是怎么用的。
3最后拉到文末的生词表,按「盖住释义」自己回忆一遍,想不起来的点开那一行。

Li Wei read his vocabulary list seventeen times the night before the test. He finally turned off the light at one a.m., certain he knew every word. Eight hours later, sitting in the exam hall, he could not at all. His mind felt wrapped in fog. He with questions he had answered easily just hours before. What went wrong?

考试前一晚李伟把词汇表背了十七遍,凌晨一点才关灯,觉得每个词都记牢了。八小时后坐进考场,他完全发挥不出来。脑子像裹了一层雾。几个小时前明明还轻松答出来的题,怎么也答不上了。到底哪里出了问题?

The answer lies in how our brains work during sleep. While you sleep, your brain is still busy. It sorts through everything you learned that day and moves important information into long-term . Scientists compare this to organizing files on a computer. Without enough sleep, this cannot finish properly.

答案藏在大脑睡眠时的工作方式里。你睡觉的时候,大脑并没有闲着。它会把你白天学到的东西整理一遍,把重要的信息存进长期记忆。科学家把这个过程比作整理电脑里的文件。睡眠不足的话,这个过程就没法好好完成。

This matters even more for teenagers. A young person's brain is still , especially the parts that control learning. Doctors say teenagers need eight to ten hours of sleep each night, but most middle school students only get six or seven. That may sound close enough, but even a small of sleep makes a real difference.

对青少年来说,睡眠更加重要。年轻人的大脑还在发育,尤其是控制学习能力的那些区域。医生说青少年每晚需要八到十个小时的睡眠,可大多数初中生只睡六七个小时。听上去差得不多,但哪怕少睡一点,影响也很明显。

A famous showed just how much sleep matters for learning. Scientists divided students into two groups. One group slept well the night before a test, while the other group stayed up all night to study. The results were clear. The well-rested group about twenty percent higher. like this tells us that sleep is not wasted time.

一个著名的实验表明了睡眠对学习的影响有多大。科学家把学生分成两组。一组考试前一晚睡得好,另一组通宵复习。结果很明显,睡够了的那组成绩高出大约百分之二十。这类研究告诉我们,睡觉并不是在浪费时间。

So why do many teenagers sleep so poorly? One big reason is . The blue light from phones tricks the brain into thinking it is still daytime. Drinking coffee or tea in the afternoon hurts too, because keeps the brain awake for hours. And having no fixed sleep can how quickly you fall asleep.

那为什么很多青少年睡不好?一个重要原因是屏幕。手机发出的蓝光会让大脑误以为还是白天。下午喝咖啡或茶也有影响,因为咖啡因能让大脑保持清醒好几个小时。再加上没有固定的作息时间,入睡速度也会受影响。

The good news is that better sleep is not hard to get. First, put your phone away at least thirty minutes before bed. Second, go to sleep at the same time every night. Third, your notes before you close your eyes. Your brain will keep working on them overnight, and by morning, the of your memory may surprise you.

好消息是,想睡好觉并不难。第一,睡前至少三十分钟把手机放到一边。第二,每天在同一个时间上床。第三,睡觉之前把当天的笔记过一遍。大脑会在夜里继续处理这些内容,到了早上,你记住的东西可能多得出乎意料。

生词表(16 个)

perform/pəˈfɔːm/核心
v.表现;表演;执行
perform well/badly 表现好/差,考试和写作里常用。名词 performance 也是中考词。
Sitting in the exam hall, he could not perform at all.
struggle/ˈstrʌɡl/拓展
v.挣扎;费力地做
struggle to do sth. 费力做某事,struggle with sth. 跟某事作斗争。阅读理解里描写人物困境时常见。
He struggled with questions he had answered easily just hours before.
memory/ˈmeməri/核心
n.记忆,记忆力
long-term memory 长期记忆,have a good/bad memory 记性好/差。动词 memorize 背诵、记住,也是考试常见词。
It sorts through everything you learned that day and moves important information into long-term memory.
process/ˈprəʊses/拓展
n. / v.过程;处理
作名词指一个过程或步骤,作动词指处理信息。in the process of 在……过程中。科普文章里出现频率很高。
Without enough sleep, this process cannot finish properly.
develop/dɪˈveləp/核心
v.发展;发育;开发
developing country 发展中国家,中考阅读常考话题词。名词 development。注意拼写,p 前面没有 e。
A young person's brain is still developing, especially the parts that control learning.
amount/əˈmaʊnt/核心
n.数量,总量
a large/small amount of 大量/少量的,后面跟不可数名词。跟 number 的区别是中考语法选择题常考点。
That amount may sound close enough, but even a small lack of sleep makes a real difference.
lack/læk/核心
n. / v.缺乏,不足
lack of sth. 缺乏某物,作动词时直接跟宾语,不加 of。a lack of sleep/exercise 是写作好用的搭配。
Even a small lack of sleep makes a real difference.
experiment/ɪkˈsperɪmənt/核心
n.实验
do/carry out an experiment 做实验。science experiment 科学实验。拼写较长,注意中间的 -peri-。
A famous experiment showed just how much sleep matters for learning.
score/skɔː(r)/核心
v. / n.得分;分数
score high/low 得分高/低,作名词 test score 考试成绩。写作里 get a high score 也常用。
The well-rested group scored about twenty percent higher.
research/rɪˈsɜːtʃ/核心
n.研究,调查
不可数名词,不能说 a research 或 researches。do research on 对……做研究。科普类阅读里经常出现。
Research like this tells us that sleep is not wasted time.
screen/skriːn/核心
n.屏幕,荧幕
screen time 屏幕时间,on screen 在屏幕上。近年中考阅读经常涉及手机和屏幕使用的话题。
One big reason is screens.
caffeine/ˈkæfiːn/拓展
n.咖啡因
不可数名词。含咖啡因的饮料包括 coffee、tea、energy drinks。科普类阅读里是常见话题词。
Drinking coffee or tea in the afternoon hurts too, because caffeine keeps the brain awake for hours.
schedule/ˈʃedjuːl/拓展
n.时间表,日程
on schedule 按时,behind schedule 落后于计划。sleep schedule 指每天固定的作息时间。
Having no fixed sleep schedule can affect how quickly you fall asleep.
affect/əˈfekt/核心
v.影响
affect 是动词,effect 是名词,拼写混淆是中考常考点。affect sb./sth. 后面直接跟宾语,不加介词。
Having no fixed sleep schedule can affect how quickly you fall asleep.
review/rɪˈvjuː/核心
v.复习;回顾
review for a test 为考试复习。也可以作名词,book review 书评。写作中用 review 比 go over 更正式。
Third, review your notes before you close your eyes.
quality/ˈkwɒləti/拓展
n.质量,品质
high/good quality 高质量,quality of life 生活质量。也可以作形容词表示「优质的」,如 quality time 有意义的时光。
By morning, the quality of your memory may surprise you.
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