英语精读练习(一):三篇中考难度短文逐段带读
下面三篇短文难度对标上海中考阅读理解 B/C 篇。建议用法:先不看注释自己读一遍 → 查看生词注释 → 做题 → 对答案看解析。每篇大约需要 15–20 分钟。
Passage 1 — The Library That Travels
In a small town in Yunnan Province, there is no public library. The nearest one is over forty kilometers away, and most families do not own a car. For years, children in the town had very few books to read outside of their textbooks.
That changed in 2022, when a young teacher named Li Wei started a "traveling library." Every Saturday morning, he loads two large boxes of books onto his motorbike and rides to a different village. He sets up a small reading corner under a tree or in a village hall, and children come to borrow books for free.
"At first, only three or four kids showed up," Li Wei said. "But after a few weeks, the number grew to over twenty. Some children walk thirty minutes just to get there."
The books come from donations. Li Wei posted his idea on social media, and people from all over China sent books. He now has over 2,000 books and keeps them organized by reading level. "I want every child to find a book that is just right for them — not too easy, not too hard," he explained.
Li Wei's traveling library has inspired similar projects in three neighboring towns. "Books open doors," he said. "My job is just to carry the doors to where they are needed."
1. Why did children in the town have few books to read?
A. They were not interested in reading.
B. The nearest library was far away and hard to reach.
C. Their school did not allow outside reading.
D. Books were too expensive to buy online.
2. What does Li Wei do every Saturday?
A. He teaches English in a village school.
B. He drives a truck full of books to the city.
C. He brings books to a different village for children to borrow.
D. He collects old books from villagers.
3. The underlined phrase "showed up" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. performed on stage
B. appeared; came
C. raised their hands
D. looked up
4. Where do the books come from?
A. The local government buys them.
B. Li Wei writes them himself.
C. People across China donate them after seeing his social media post.
D. A publishing company gives them away for free.
5. What does Li Wei mean by "My job is just to carry the doors to where they are needed"?
A. He is a door-to-door salesman.
B. He believes books create opportunities, and he brings those opportunities to children.
C. He wants to build more libraries with real doors.
D. He thinks his traveling library should stop and become a real building.
点击查看答案和解析 ▾
1. B — 第一段明确说 "The nearest one is over forty kilometers away, and most families do not own a car",所以是距离远、交通不便。
2. C — 第二段 "Every Saturday morning, he loads two large boxes of books onto his motorbike and rides to a different village...children come to borrow books for free."
3. B — showed up = appeared, came(出现、到场)。根据上下文 "only three or four kids showed up" 说的是来的人数。
4. C — 第四段 "Li Wei posted his idea on social media, and people from all over China sent books."
5. B — 这是一个比喻句。前面说 "Books open doors"(书打开机会之门),后面说他的工作是把这些「门」送到需要的地方。含义是:书能创造机会,他负责把这些机会带给孩子们。
Passage 2 — Why Do We Forget?
Have you ever studied hard for a test, felt confident walking into the exam room, and then suddenly couldn't remember anything? You are not alone. Forgetting is one of the most common problems students face, but few people understand why it happens.
Scientists have found that our brains do not lose information all at once. Instead, forgetting follows a pattern called the "forgetting curve." A German psychologist named Hermann Ebbinghaus first described this curve in the 1880s. He discovered that we forget about 50% of new information within one hour, and about 70% within 24 hours — unless we review it.
The good news is that reviewing at the right time can almost completely prevent forgetting. Research shows that if you review new material after one hour, then again after one day, and then after one week, your brain will move the information from short-term memory to long-term memory. This method is called "spaced repetition."
Spaced repetition works because each review strengthens the connections between brain cells. Think of it like walking through a field of tall grass. The first time you walk through, the path is barely visible. But if you walk the same path again and again, it becomes a clear trail.
Today, many study apps use spaced repetition to help students learn vocabulary and key facts. But you don't need an app — a simple plan of reviewing your notes at the right intervals can make a big difference.
1. According to Ebbinghaus, how much new information do we forget within one hour?
A. About 30%
B. About 50%
C. About 70%
D. About 90%
2. What is the main purpose of "spaced repetition"?
A. To forget useless information faster.
B. To help move information into long-term memory.
C. To reduce the amount of homework students need to do.
D. To replace teachers with study apps.
3. Why does the writer compare reviewing to walking through a field of grass?
A. To show that studying outdoors is more effective.
B. To explain that each review makes the memory pathway stronger and clearer.
C. To suggest that students should exercise while studying.
D. To prove that grass grows faster when people walk on it.
4. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Hermann Ebbinghaus: A Great Scientist
B. The Best Study Apps for Students
C. Why We Forget and How to Remember
D. Short-term Memory vs. Long-term Memory
点击查看答案和解析 ▾
1. B — 第二段 "we forget about 50% of new information within one hour"。注意区分:50% 是一小时内,70% 是 24 小时内。
2. B — 第三段 "your brain will move the information from short-term memory to long-term memory. This method is called spaced repetition." 直接定位。
3. B — 这是比喻理解题。走过草地的路径从「几乎看不见」到「清晰的小路」,对应的是每次复习让记忆连接更强。A、C、D 都是字面理解的干扰项。
4. C — 主旨题。文章先讲为什么会遗忘(forgetting curve),再讲怎么记住(spaced repetition),C 最完整地概括了两个方面。A 只涉及一个人,B 只涉及最后一段的细节,D 只涉及部分概念。
Passage 3 — A Different Kind of Supermarket
In most supermarkets, fruits and vegetables that are not perfectly shaped get thrown away before they even reach the shelves. A slightly bent cucumber, a tomato with a small mark, or an apple that is a little too small — none of these will pass the strict appearance standards set by most stores.
A company in Shanghai is trying to change that. "Ugly Good" is an online store that sells only imperfect-looking produce at lower prices. The vegetables taste exactly the same as the "perfect" ones, but they cost 30% to 50% less.
"We are not selling bad food," said the founder, Chen Yue. "We are selling food that looks different. There is nothing wrong with a carrot that has two legs instead of one."
The idea is not only about saving money. According to a United Nations report, about one-third of all food produced in the world is wasted every year. Much of this waste happens because of appearance standards. By selling ugly produce, companies like Ugly Good help reduce food waste while offering affordable options to customers.
The company now delivers to over 50,000 households in Shanghai. "Once people try it, they realize that taste has nothing to do with shape," Chen Yue said. "And they feel good about reducing waste at the same time."
1. Why do most supermarkets throw away some fruits and vegetables?
A. Because they have gone bad and cannot be eaten.
B. Because they do not look perfect enough to meet appearance standards.
C. Because there are too many fruits and vegetables in the market.
D. Because customers refuse to buy any produce that is not organic.
2. What is special about the products sold by "Ugly Good"?
A. They are all organic and pesticide-free.
B. They look imperfect but taste the same and cost less.
C. They are imported from other countries.
D. They come in special packaging to hide their shapes.
3. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. About half of the world's food is wasted each year.
B. Ugly Good has physical stores across China.
C. Food waste is partly caused by strict appearance standards.
D. The ugly produce is cheaper because it is less nutritious.
4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Most Shanghai families now shop only at Ugly Good.
B. People care about both price and environmental impact when choosing food.
C. Chen Yue plans to close the company soon.
D. The government requires all supermarkets to sell ugly produce.
点击查看答案和解析 ▾
1. B — 第一段 "will pass the strict appearance standards set by most stores",扔掉是因为外观不达标,不是因为变质。A 是干扰项。
2. B — 第二段 "sells only imperfect-looking produce at lower prices. The vegetables taste exactly the same." 外形不完美 + 味道一样 + 价格低。
3. C — 第四段 "Much of this waste happens because of appearance standards." 注意 A 的陷阱:原文说 one-third(三分之一),不是 half(一半)。
4. B — 推断题。最后一段说客户 "realize that taste has nothing to do with shape" 且 "feel good about reducing waste",说明他们同时在意性价比和环保。注意推断题要有文中依据,B 有两处支撑。
